Doctor Zhivago Free Essays

http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/562734/Stalinism http://en. We will write a custom essay sample on Doctor Zhivago or any similar topic only for you Order Now wikipedia. org/wiki/Doctor_Zhivago Stalinism in Russia The novel Doctor Zhivago, although it contains passages written in the 1910s and 1920s, was not completed until 1956. The novel was submitted to the literary journal Novy Mir. However, the editors declined Pasternak’s novel because of its embedded rejection of socialist realism. The author, much like Zhivago in the story, showed more concern for the interests of individuals than for the welfare of the social order. Soviet censors interpreted some passages as anti-communist and more idealistic. They were also infuriated by Pasternak’s understated disparagement of Stalinism and his references to the Gulag. In 1957, an Italian publisher, Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, organized for the novel to be smuggled out of the Soviet Union by Isaiah Berlin. Much to the Soviet Union’s dismay, Feltrinelli simultaneously published copies in both Russian and in Italian. Demand for Doctor Zhivago was so great Feltrinelli was able to authorize translation rights into eighteen different languages long before the novel’s publication. The Communist Party of Italy debarred Feltrinelli from their association in retribution for his role in the publication of a novel they felt was vital for communism. On the other hand, the novel topped international bestseller lists, the British MI6 and the American CIA commenced an operation to ensure Doctor Zhivago was correctly submitted to the Nobel Committee. It was known that a Nobel Prize for Boris Pasternak would seriously damage the international integrity of the Soviet Union. In result to this, British and American operatives seized and photographed a manuscript of the novel and privately printed a small number of books in the Russian language. These were submitted to the Nobel Committee’s surprised judges just ahead of the deadline. The fictional story, Doctor Zhivago, is about a physician and poet named Doctor Yuri Zhivago, who lives during the first half of the 20th century in Russia. In this story, Yuri Zhivago’s brother, Yevgraf, a Russian general, relays the story of his brother Yuri to a teen girl, Tonya Komarovskaya. Yevgraf believes Tonya is Yuri’s daughter, who was inadvertently abandoned when she was a small child. He first asks Tonya if she can recall anything about her mother. When she said she could not remember he tries to convince her by starting at the beginning of Yuri’s story. To understand Yuri’s life tale and how it relates to Stalinism, one must know the major themes of the novel; loneliness, companionship, individuality, community, corruption and revolution. Yuri’s story begins when he was a small child, his mother died and he had been taken in by the Gromekos, who were family friends. With the loss of his mother, Yuri, must have felt alone until he began to develop a relationship with the Gromeko’s daughter, Tonya. As Yuri and Tonya grew up, it was anticipated they would marry. When they finally married, Yuri needed to leave to help the wounded soldiers in the Russian Civil War. There he met Laura, a woman who had volunteered for the war so she could find her husband, Pasha. She became a nurse, assisting Yuri with the injured. They began to build a relationship during their time together, though it started friendly, it soon became romantic. About the time they were going to be leaving for home they made a promise to each other, promising that they will not lie about their â€Å"friendship. † The film shows a vase of sunflowers as Laura and the soldiers leave Zhivago behind. These flowers are a symbol of the relationship Yuri had with Laura; the flowers were in full bloom when Laura was there but when she departed they began to wilt, like Yuri’s heart. When Yuri’s arrived at the Gromeko’s house, also his home, there were other people living in the large house. These people were told to live there by the Soviet government because the house was too big for just the Gromeko family. During his time back in his â€Å"own† home he is asked, by a Soviet official, to go in secret to the home of a dying man. Zhivago goes and takes a look at the man and determines the cause of his illness. He says the cause of the man’s illness is something they don’t have in Russia, starvation. When he says this to the official he says it in such a way that shows the communist are either blind for they don’t care. Zhivago is an idealist and therefore does not like the Communists and in return his behavior is noticed. One night when Yuri comes home he sees that Tonya had put out the fire in their home because they did not have enough fuel. To solve their fuel problems he goes outside and takes wood from a nearby fence. Watching from a distance is Yevgraf, who decides not to arrest his brother even though he had arrested better men for lesser crimes. Instead he follows his brother back to his home. He comes into the house and this is how Yuri meets his brother. Before Yevgraf leaves he tells Yuri, the government does not like his poetry because it shows individuality. Yevgraff warns them, telling them they should leave Moscow. Yuri and his family get on a train to leave Moscow and go to Varykino. The people on the train are all poor and quite but one of the men was very vocal in his disapproval of revolution. Before the train left a Communist soldier was telling the people on the train how they were on the train and that the work they would be asked to do was all voluntary. The vocal man shouted at him saying it was a lie. Later in the train ride, they come to a stop as Strelnikov’s train comes past theirs. Strelikov, or Pasha, was an idealist before the Civil War, but he soon became one of the communists. Yuri get off of his train while they are stopped and he runs through the wood and comes across the Strelnikov train. The Red Army soldiers take him to Pasha, where the two men finally meet. Yuri informs Pasha that Laura is still alive and how it was that he and Laura had met. He also said she was in Yuriatin. What neither of the two men knew was that Laura was being watched. The people that were watching, the White Army, Laura were hoping Strelnikov would come go home to his wife, they wanted to kill him. Pasha was killed when he was found just outside of Yuriatin. Victor Kamarovsky found Laura and Yuri in Yuri’s old home, he told them he had a train that would take them out of Russia where they would be safe. At first neither Yuri would not go because he did not want to leave Russia and Laura would not leave without Yuri. When Victor told Yuri what happened to Pasha Yuri decided he would go for Laura’s sake. Laura and her daughter took the same slay as Victor but there was no room for Yuri. He told Laura he would follow on there slay and he would meet up at the train. Before they leave Yuri gave Laura the Balalaika. This was a sign that Yuri had no intentions of leaving Russia. On the train Laura admits to Victor she is caring Yuri’s baby. This child is later inadvertently abandoned by Victor. The Russian government was corrupted; on one hand they had the Bolsheviks who were communist and tried to â€Å"sugar coat† the political and economical faults, such as, starvation, poverty and homelessness. While on the other hand, there was the White Army, who were a democratic party wanting to reveal the corruption for what it was. This split in the government led to the Russian Civil War. In the end the Bolsheviks won the war and took hold of the government. When power was given to the Bolsheviks they ruled with a method created by Joseph Stalin. Stalinism is the technique used by Joseph Stalin, who was part of the Soviet Communist Party and was the state leader from 1929 until he died in 1953. Stalinism is accompanied with an establishment of terror and totalitarian rule. In a party dominated by intellectuals and rhetoricians, Stalin stood for an ideal approach to revolution, barren of ideological sentiment. Once power was given to the Bolshevik, the party leadership happily left Stalin the tasks involving the boring details of party and state administration. Yuri’s story relays what life was like under Stalin’s communist rule. The solitude the people of Russia felt, the need for individuality and the corruption they saw in the government; these were the things the communists were trying to hide. The communist wanted the people to see companionship with their community and that they needed the revolution. Pasternak’s novel was an idealist’s point of view of the Russian government and was everything the Bolsheviks did not want the public to read. It showed how the Bolsheviks were trying to control the emotions and personalities of the people. How to cite Doctor Zhivago, Essay examples

Smoking Should Be Banned in Public Places free essay sample

One may conclude that though the adult people realize and know about the damage of smoking, they continue spoiling their health by smoking. Hence, if people are not so conscious and worried about their lives, the government of each country should take some steps to save its population in order to have sound society. First of all, government should make the smoking illegal by informing people about its harmfulness, the second prohibit the trade of tobacco for teenagers and the third establish taxes for smoking in public places. It is easier for the government to start this difficult process of prohibition by informing people about the harmful effects of the smoking. People should understand that smoking causes lung diseases (including bronchitis, and chronic airway obstruction), cancer, stroke, heart disease and many other serious illnesses. The starting step must be the work with the mental understanding of the society as many adults especially males think â€Å"it is not about me† or â€Å"nothing will happen to ME†. We will write a custom essay sample on Smoking Should Be Banned in Public Places? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even pupils at schools should be taught all these negative impacts of smoking. This is the first and the most important step to reach the disable result because if people don’t understand the seriousness of this problem they will not fight against it, and no matter how hard the government tries to prohibit it they will never want to get rid of that harmful habit. The trade of tobacco should be prohibited by the government, especially selling the tobacco for teenagers. This is the next step of prohibition of the smoking. This is also very substantial and important for the country because even with what is known about the harmful effects of smoking and the dangers associated with it, people, mainly teenagers, continue to start smoking. According to statistics, each day nearly 1,000 kids under the age of 18 will start smoking on a daily basis. Among young teens (aged 13 to 15), about one in five smokes worldwide (http://quitsmoking. about. com). This is a real problem in every country as sound generation is a key of the sound society. Thus, if the government wants to have developing country, this step should be taken into consideration in order to have reasonable youth and to stop the growing average of smokers in the country. The third step government should establish taxes for the smoking in public places because if a person smokes it is not only harmful for him but also for the surroundings. It is common knowledge that there are active and passive or second-hand smokers. Second-hand or passive smoking causes many of the same diseases as active or direct smoking, including lung cancer, heart diseases and many others. It is even worst when somebody smokes in the presence of children. There is a risk to children from smoking as it can cause a lot of allergies. According to statistics, nearly 50,000 nonsmokers die annually from secondhand smoke exposure (http://quitsmoking. about. com). Thus, these people die because of the others and government should take into consideration, overcome and fight for this problem by establishing taxes for the smoking in public places. Government is the main ruling body in the country and it has both power and many responsibilities and duties against the society and one of them is the solving of this great problem reducing the average of the smokers in the country. And the first three steps for the solution of this problem are these activities discussed in the essay. Government should actualize them for reaching the desirable result for its population. Thus, smoking should be prohibited by the government in order to have healthy generation and sound society in a sound country.

Monogamous vs Polygamous Families free essay sample

This study compared the academic achievement of students from monogamous and polygamous families. It was a causal comparative study under the survey research approach. The sample consisted of 100 SSI students from monogamous families and 100 SSI students from polygamous families. Simple random sampling method was used In selecting four secondary schools in Offa, Kwara State. Stratified simple random sampling method was also used In seiecting the students. A proforma was used for collecting data on the academic achievement of the students. Analysis of the data, using t-test statistics showed that a significant difference exists between the academic achievement of students from monogamous homes and those from polygamous homes. One of the Implications bf this finding to teaching and learning is that a consideration of students family background is Important because it will help teachers to find out the types of home the students come from. They will also be aware of the nature of social interactions in such homes and the psychological, social and emotional problems the students are facing at home. This knowledge will help teachers to counsel the students on how to overcome such problems and have positive attitude towards the situation so, that their academics will not be adversely affected. The teachers will also understand the importance of a conducive social climate in teaching and learning. The study recommended that parents from Polygamous families be considered to ensure that their homes are rid of rancour and other behaviours 82 that might influence the childs achievement negatively. Introduction Over the years, many educational authorities have sought to find out the reasons for the downward trend in the academic achievement of secondary school students. Obemeata (1971), and Daramola (1994) attributed it to the students background that is, the type of home environment where the child is raised. They stressed that the environmental condition and the nature of social interaction that goes on in the family may have some positive or negative influence on the academic achievement of a child. Daramola (1994) further stated that the factors affecting a childs educational achievement include the occupational status of the parents, the attitude of parents to their childrens education, and the values transmitted by the parents. . . Wilkins (1976) noted that in monogamous family, both parents show active interest in what their child is doing at school. They also encourage his reading habits, and this enables him to have obvious advantage over his peers from polygamous families. He further noted that the child from a polygamous family may have just few textbooks, while the child from monogamous family may have almost all the books recommended at school. In polygamous families also, it may be the mothers responsibility to see that the children do their home work, provide them with materials needed for academic work and, in most cases, manage to pay the childrens fees. This is contrary to what happens in the monogamous families. Lewis (1981) also opined that in traditional African cultures (especially in Nigeria), one of the reasons for sanctioning polygamy was the strong desire for offspring. In their yearning for children, they tend to forget that the more the children they have, the more difficult it becomes to finance the education of the children. Concerning student problems, Wilkins (1976) also emphasized that in the monogamous family, degrees of agreement and violent disagreement are worked out by both husband and wife. Both also share the same losses and griefs. Adika (1987) also noted that conflicts are relatively easier to solve in the monogamous than in the polygamous families. Moreover, less psychological disturbance is envisaged in the former than in the latter. Students from polygamous families are therefore more likely to experience more problems than students from monogamous families. This will invariably affect their academic achievement. This is because, according to Sanders (1974), psychological problems are potential sources of trouble with learning. The above studies have revealed that the nature of social interaction that goes on in a family, can affect the child psychologically and emotionally. When a child is in a poor mental state because of psychological disturbances, his or her academic performance may be affected. In view of the aforementioned reasons, there may be the tendency to hastily conclude that polygamy will give rise to poor academic achievement. However, it is necessary to take cognizance of the fact that the resultant rivalry in polygamous homes may rather have a positive effect on the childrens academic achievement. This is because in a bid to out-shine the half brothers and sisters academically the children may be forced by circumstance to develop a serious and healthy reading habit, thus, enhancing their academic achievements. Besides, some polygamous fathers may still have interest in their childrens education and also have the means to adequately cater for them financially and otherwise. The Problem Considering the powerful influence of the family on the child and its importance as a primary agent of socialization, there is no doubt that the academic achievement of the child can be enhanced or hindered depending on the social climate in the family. It appears that many people have not yet recognized that their family type has a great impact on their childrens academic achievement. More researches are therefore needed in this area: Is there any significant difference in the academic achievement of students from monogamous homes and those from polygamous homes? This is the focus of this study. Purpose and Significance of the Study This study investigated the relationship between students family type and their academic achievement. This was done by finding out if a significant difference exists between the academic achievements of students from monogamous homes and those from polygamous homes in Offa, Kwara State. The findings of this study would reveal to teachers and parents the effect of the social climate at home on students academic performance. The need for parents to provide conducive environment at home for students learning and the need for teachers to adequately act as loco parents and as counsellors to students would also be highlighted. Hypotheses The following hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. rom monogamous families and those from polygamous families. There is no significant difference in the academic achievement in English Language of students from monogamous families and those from polygamous families. I. 2 There is no significant difference in the academic achievement in Mathematics of students from monogamous families and those from polygamous families. I. 3 There is no significant difference in the academic achievement in Integrated Science of students from monogamous families and those from polygamous families. I. 4 There is no significant difference in the academic achievement in Social Studies of tudents from monogamous families and those from. There is no significant difference in the academic achievement of students polygamous families. Methodology. This is a causal comparative study under the survey research approach. It used 200 SSI students sampled from four randomly selected schools in Offa, Kwara Stat,e. It consisted of 100 students from monogamous families and 100 students from polygamous families. Simple random sampling method was used to select four schools from the twelve secondary school in Offa. Twenty students each were randomly selected from the Science, Arts and Commercial classes. A total of 60 students were selected per school. This gave a total of 240 students, and since this was a comparative study, 100 students from polygamous families and 100 students from monogamous families were finally used for the study. A questionnaire was used to elicit information on the students name, class in school and family type. A proforma was also used to collect the students Junior Secondary Certificate Examination results in four core subjects: English, Mathematics, Integrated Science and Social Studies.

Sonnet 55 free essay sample

The persona commences the sonnet with lines: Not marble, nor the glided monuments/ Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rhyme. These two lines immediately funnel the reader towards the theme of the poem as the persona ymbolically compares the monuments to the lyrics of poems. The persona believes that poetry is a preserver of immortality. He immediately confronts the reader with the subject of this poem preserver of immortality, by using imagery and diction such as gilded monuments. These beautiful gold plated monuments are built in the remembrance of the princes and preserve their memories. However as the poet compares the power of poetry to monument in the next line he also announces to the reader his idea of immortality. The poet believes that immortality can outlive time through these contents however the monuments surrender to the age of time as the persona explains in the next quatrain. In the next quatrain, the persona further explores the theme however through a different comparison. We will write a custom essay sample on Sonnet 55 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Throughout this quatrain the poet supports his views about immortality by comparing the mightiness of this poetry, which is preserving immortality, against war, that shall destroy everything. The poet personifies war as wasteful war which when shall overturns statues, and destroys everything. However these contents, the sonnet, will still live on until eternity. Overcoming war itself is a strong representation of the strength of words of this lyrical poem. The persona further glorifies the power of this powerful poem by using strong allusions such as Nor Mars his sword nor wars quick fire shall burn/ The living record of your memory. Mars being a powerful Roman god of war is also observed as the God of

Conjugate the French Verb Accueillir (to Welcome)

Conjugate the French Verb Accueillir (to Welcome) As you are learning to speak French, you will find that you need to learn how to conjugate many verbs. The verb  accueillir  means to welcome. This is one of the irregular verbs that is a little more difficult to remember, but with practice, you should have no problems.   Conjugating the French Verb  Accueillir Why do we have to conjugate verbs in French? Put simply, to conjugate simply means to match the verb form to the subject you are speaking about. We do so in English as well, though not to such extremes as languages such as French. For instance, we use a different form of  accueillir  when speaking about ourselves. I welcome becomes jaccueille in French. Likewise, we welcome becomes nous accueillons. Its actually quite simple. However, the problem with irregular verbs like  accueillir  is that there is no defined pattern. This is a rare exception to the French grammar rules for verbs ending in -ir. This means that you need to memorize each conjugation rather than rely on patterns and rules. Dont worry, though. With a little study, you  will  find that there is some pattern to this verb and will be using it to form proper sentences before you know it. This chart shows all of the forms of  accueillir  in present, future, imperfect, and present participle tense. Subject Present Future Imperfect j accueille accueillerai accueillais tu accueilles accueilleras accueillais il accueille accueillera accueillait nous accueillons accueillerons accueillions vous accueillez accueillerez accueilliez ils accueillent accueilleront accueillaient The Present Participle of  Accuellir The  present participle  of  accueillir  is  accueillant. It can be used as a verb or as an adjective, gerund, or noun, depending on the circumstance. Accueillir  in Past Tense You may have noticed that the imperfect is the only past tense of  accueillir  in the chart. In many cases, we can simply use the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  to express a phrase such as I welcomed. There are two elements that need to be added in order to do so. One is the  auxiliary verb, which is always either  Ãƒ ªtre  or  avoir.  For  accueillir, we use  avoir.  The second element is the  past participle  of the verb, which in this case is  accueilli.  This is used no matter the subject. Putting all of this together, to say I welcomed in French, it would be jai accueilli. To say we welcomed, you would say nous avons accueilli. In these cases, ai and avons are conjugates of the verb  avoir. More Conjugations for  Accueillir There are more conjugations for  accueillir  that you may use in some instances, though your focus should be on those above. The subjunctive verb mood is used when something is uncertain. The conditional verb mood is used when the action is dependent on certain conditions. Both the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are used in formal writing. While you may never use these especially the last two in the chart it is good to be aware of their existence and when they might be used. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j accueille accueillerais accueillis accueillisse tu accueilles accueillerais accueillis accueillisses il accueille accueillerait accueillit accueillt nous accueillions accueillerions accueillmes accueillissions vous accueilliez accueilleriez accueilltes accueillissiez ils accueillent accueilleraient accueillirent accueillissent The final form of the verb  accueillir  is the imperative form, which also expresses mood. In this form, you will not use the subject pronoun. Instead, it is implied within the verb itself and you will notice that they have the same endings as the present tense and subjunctive forms. Rather than say tu accueille, you will simply use the word  accueille. Imperative (tu) accueille (nous) accueillons (vous) accueillez Similar Irregular Verbs Just because it is an irregular verb does not mean that  accueillir  is not similar to other verbs. While you are studying to welcome include  cueillir  in your lessons. This verb means to gather or to pick and uses similar endings to those you see above.

Capstone Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capstone Project - Research Paper Example This essay focuses on hospitals that have recently started to incorporate risk management in their operations. The researcher explores the major role of the risk management department is to make sure that the organization does not make unnecessary loss due to Potentially Compensable Events. These are occurrences that can result due to litigation against the providers in health care. Furthermore, health care providers are also forced to compensate the injured patients, doctors and others in such cases. Generally modern hospitals offer varied services like the ambulance, surgery services, emergency services and partial hospitalization and etc. In addition, several health care officers help in the provision of patient care. Thus, today hospitals often have their regulatory body which controls their operations online. Thus, most hospitals have occurrence report system which allows the risk managers to track down online the Potentially Compensable Events and later identify the risk areas in the organization which can be improved. Therefore, there has to be procedures and policies that should be enforced to identify common errors that which have to be reported. The researcher explaines such policies, such as error reporting, that should be impartial as some hospitals have started to embrace an electronic system. This allows the risk managers to receive, analyze and then review the reports online in real time, which leads to successful and quick administration of the problem occured.

Marketing project Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing project - Term Paper Example Proctor and Gamble produces one of the most popular laundries Detergent known as Tide. The brand was initially marketed and promoted in its current shape in the year 1949. The washing powders were introduced during 1880s which changed the way the laundry was done in the household chores. The new products of doing laundry were only the spewed soap. After various other manufacturing companies and brands, N.K.’s Fairbank Company’s Gold Dust Washing Powder and Hudson’s Rinso, the alkyl benzene sulfonates brought further revolutions in the business of detergent (Eduard, Wolfgang, 2002). When mixed with the utilization of chemical "builders", they made it possible for the household to machine wash the fabric with hard water. Thus, Procter and Gamble got the opportunity to launch "Tide" which later became one of its popular brands. The laundry detergent, Tide, is an imitation which is specifically designed for the machine cleaning which is heavy-duty. First launched in United States, Tide was test marketed in the year 1946 as the first heavy-duty detergent in the world; ands was nationally distributed in 1949. The product claimed to be "Americas Washday Favorite." It was able to gain quick authority in the detergent markets of the US, UK and Middle East. Along with that, Tide dwarfed the sales of Rinso, Ivory Snow, and Gold Dust Washing Powder and caused their demise. Later, the brands were introduced in more familiar soap-flake and soap-powder forms. However, Tide is the only brand that was initially launched with the shape of white powdered bead. Afterwards, the product line of the brand was enhanced to comprise of a clear orange-tinted liquid in1984. Currently, various forms of the liquid Tide exist in dark blue, except the "Tide Free", which is clear. The development of Tide, in the year 2006, was nominate d an ACS National Historical Chemical Landmark in acknowledgment of its